Fortified place · Iron Age
Knowle Hill Castle
Devon
Knowle Hill Castle is a compact example of an Iron Age (the period from roughly 800 BC to the Roman conquest) hillfort (a hilltop enclosure ringed…
- Some walking
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Fortified place
Knowles Battery
Devon
Knowles Battery is a surviving Palmerston-era defence of Plymouth’s landward approaches, later transformed from artillery position into a scheduled…
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Tomb or burial place · Prehistoric
Knowth
County Meath
One mound was a tomb, a Bronze Age ritual ground, a hill fort, a royal capital, a Norman motte and a Cistercian farm in turn: each layer built over…
- Near Drogheda
- Some walking
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Sacred place · Medieval
Kyme Priory
Lincolnshire
A community of twelve Augustinian canons that clung to its way of life so hard it paid the Crown as much as it earned rather than close early: and…
- Near Lincoln
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Tomb or burial place · Prehistoric
Labbacallee wedge tomb
County Cork
Labbacallee is Ireland’s largest wedge tomb, a c.2300 BC burial monument whose massive stones, excavated remains and later folklore show how one pl…
- Near Mallow
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Medieval
Lackeen Castle
County Tipperary
A modest tower house in a quiet Tipperary townland turns out to be the hiding place of one of Ireland's oldest surviving illuminated manuscripts, t…
- Near Borrisoleigh
- Some walking
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Sacred place · Medieval
Lacock Abbey (monastery)
Wiltshire
A single noblewoman's grief founded a working nunnery of landowners' daughters that ran sheep flocks 2,000 strong and kept its own scriptorium: not…
- Easy path
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Building or ruin · Roman
Lactodurum
Northamptonshire
Beneath the streets of modern Towcester lies a walled Roman roadside town whose shops, bathhouse and stone-towered defences grew directly from a si…
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Ladle Hill
Hampshire
Begun in the Iron Age and abandoned mid-build, its bank and ditch still show the uneven work of several separate labour gangs: a rare freeze-frame…
- Near Winchester
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Lambert's Castle
Devon
Lambert’s Castle unites a hillfort, a defended hilltop settlement from the Iron Age, the period before the Roman conquest, with a rare protected mo…
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Medieval
Lambton Castle
County Durham
A Victorian-era vision of a Norman stronghold, built by a future governor-general of Canada and still the private seat of an earldom nearly two cen…
- Near Chester-le-Street
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Fortified place · Medieval
Lampeter Castle
Ceredigion
A Norman motte (the earthen mound a castle was raised on) beside a key Welsh trade route, whose surviving mound records a frontier castle fiercely…
- Near Lampeter
- Easy path
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Building or ruin · Medieval
Lamphey Bishop's Palace
Pembrokeshire
A ruined medieval complex that served high-ranking clergy, known also as Lamphey Court.
- Near Lamphey
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Roman
Lanark Castle
South Lanarkshire
A royal castle that gave Lanark its shape and then vanished entirely: leaving a hill, a name and a town plan.
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Medieval
Lancaster Castle
Lancashire
One office held courtroom, garrison and gaol together for eight centuries, trying the Pendle witches in 1612 and sending some 265 people to the gal…
- Some walking
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Sacred place · Medieval
Lancaster Priory
Lancashire
Its oak choirstalls, carved in 1340, are the third oldest in England, and beneath the chancel (the part of a church around the altar) lie the burie…
- Near Lancaster
- Easy path
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Building or ruin · Roman
Lancaster Roman Fort
Lancashire
A single fragment of massive Roman wall, reused as the foundation stone of a name: Lancaster itself grew from the fort that once stood on this hill.
- Near Lancaster
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Medieval
Landguard Fort
Suffolk
A fort at the mouth of the Orwell outside Felixstowe, built to guard the river entrance.
- Near Felixstowe
- Easy path
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Sacred place · Medieval
Lanercost Priory
Cumbria
Its walls were built from plundered Hadrian's Wall stone, including Roman inscriptions, and its monks wrote the Lanercost Chronicle, a key source f…
- Near Brampton
- Easy path
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Carved stone · Pictish & early medieval
Lang Stane of Auquhollie
Aberdeenshire
Carved in Ogam: an alphabet devised for Irish, not Pictish, speech: the stone has anchored more than a century of scholarly argument over how far I…
- Near Stonehaven
- Some walking
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Sacred place · Prehistoric
Lang Stane of Hilton
Aberdeen City
A granite monolith nearly three metres tall standing in Hilton, one of several Aberdeen stones sharing the name Lang Stane: Scots for long stone.
- Near Aberdeen
- Easy path
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Sacred place · Prehistoric
Lang Stane, Aberdeen
Aberdeen City
A keel-shaped base ties this Union Street stone to Aberdeenshire's recumbent circles: raised around 3000 BC, before writing reached Britain: long b…
- Near Aberdeen
- Step-free
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Building or ruin · Prehistoric
Langdale axe industry
Cumbria
One in four polished stone axes ever examined in Britain was made from rock quarried on these fells: a single Neolithic (the late Stone Age, about…
- Near Ambleside
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Langdale Broch
Highland
The rock knoll the tower crowns may itself be an older monument: quite possibly the buried remains of a chambered burial mound built around a stone…
- Near Altnaharra
- Easy path
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Sacred place · Medieval
Langley Abbey
Norfolk
Langley Abbey preserves a Premonstratensian foundation where church and barn ruins, earthworks and fish ponds reveal the wider working landscape of…
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Fortified place · Medieval
Langley Castle
Northumberland
Langley Castle is a restored fourteenth-century upper-floor hall house whose fire-damaged ruin, twentieth-century rescue, and remarkable garderobes…
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Sacred place · Medieval
Langley Priory
Leicestershire
For a few decades in the late 1200s the nuns here tried to pass themselves off as Cistercians rather than Benedictines, purely to dodge a tithe bil…
- Near Leicester
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Sacred place · Medieval
Langney Priory
East Sussex
Langney Priory is the surviving grange of Lewes Priory: a working agricultural estate whose threatened fabric preserves the economic infrastructure…
- Near Eastbourne
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Tomb or burial place · Prehistoric
Lanyon Quoit
Cornwall
A great Cornish dolmen transformed by an 1815 storm collapse, then rebuilt by local effort into the three-legged monument seen today.
- Near Penzance
- Easy path
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Sacred place · Medieval
Lapley Priory
Staffordshire
A late Anglo-Saxon monastery dependent on the Benedictine house of Saint-Remi at Reims.
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Largin Castle
Cornwall
A compact Iron Age hillfort: an Iron Age settlement defended by banks and ditches on high ground, the centuries before Rome arrived, from about 800…
- Near Penzance
- Rough ground
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Sacred place · Medieval
Latton Priory
Essex
Latton Priory preserves the footprint of a small moated Augustinian house whose church and cloister (the covered walkway round a monastery's centra…
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Medieval
Laugharne Castle
Carmarthenshire
A single stronghold at Laugharne hosted a royal peace treaty, a rebel's costly defeat, and the writers who shaped modern Welsh literature.
- Near Laugharne
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Medieval
Launceston Castle
Cornwall
Cornwall's Norman administrative castle, whose high tower, deer park and long prison afterlife make it a record of power, display and confinement.
- Near Penzance
- Some walking
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Sacred place · Medieval
Launde Abbey
Leicestershire
The chapel's monument to Gregory Cromwell, son of Henry VIII's chief minister, was singled out by Nikolaus Pevsner as one of the purest early Renai…
- Near Launde
- Easy path
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Sacred place · Medieval
Launde Priory
Leicestershire
The Tudor secretary who dismantled England's monasteries kept this one for himself, building his family's manor house directly over the vanished ch…
- Near Leicester
- Easy path
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Building or ruin · Roman
Lavatrae
County Durham
A Roman fort guarding the eastern gateway to the Stainmore Pass, later reoccupied so directly that a medieval castle rose inside its own perimeter…
- Near Bowes
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Sacred place · Medieval
Lavendon Abbey
Buckinghamshire
Its buildings have vanished completely, yet the abbey (a religious community led by an abbot)'s earthworks, field system and two fishponds survive…
- Near Lavendon
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Medieval
Lavendon Castle
Buckinghamshire
A pipe roll of 1192–3 is the only documentary trace of this vanished stronghold: its motte (the great earth mound at the heart of an early castle)…
- Near Lavendon
- Some walking
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Sacred place · Medieval
Lavenham Priory
Suffolk
Henry VIII's Comptroller is said to have fined the owner the equivalent of a million pounds for displaying too much ostentatious wealth.
- Near Lavenham
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Medieval
Laxton Castle
Nottinghamshire
Laxton preserves two unusually complete Norman castle courts, making its earthworks a rare long-term archaeological laboratory rather than a merely…
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Fortified place · Medieval
Lea Castle
County Laois
Lea Castle’s river-crossing stronghold held Richard de Burgh prisoner in 1294–95, making its powerful four-storey tower a witness to medieval Irish…
- Near Portarlington
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Prehistoric
Leafield Castle
Oxfordshire
An 1828 dig into the mound turned up ancient coins, giving this quiet earthwork (a bank, ditch or mound shaped from soil rather than built in stone…
- Near Leafield
- Some walking
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Building or ruin · Roman
Leahill Turret, Hadrian's Wall
Cumbria
A Roman lookout tower whose stone walls, floor and even a soldier's skeleton lay hidden beneath a Cumbrian road until 1927, when excavation exposed…
- Near Carlisle
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Fortified place · Medieval
Leap Castle
County Offaly
Restored from a 1922 burning by two generations of private owners, the castle stands on ground in continuous use since the Iron Age: long before th…
- Near Clonmel
- Easy path
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Sacred place · Medieval
Lechlade Priory
Gloucestershire
Its hospital wing survives disguised as a riverside pub - one of the few tangible links to a priory, a monastery run by a prior, whose real busines…
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Leckie Broch
Stirling
An Iron Age broch: a drystone tower unique to Iron Age Scotland: that rhododendrons closed off entirely until they were cleared in 2020.
- Rough ground
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Crossing or structure · Medieval
Leckwith Bridge
Cardiff
A working medieval bridge still carrying goods vehicles after five centuries, built alongside: not replaced by: its 1935 concrete successor.
- Near Leckwith, Cardiff
- Easy path
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Sacred place · Medieval
Leechwell
Devon
Totnes’s Leechwell preserves a long healing tradition around three springs, while its lanes, troughs and rediscovered immersion pool show how water…
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Medieval
Leeds Castle
Kent
Leeds Castle’s island setting contains more than a millennium of Kent history, from a Saxon stronghold to royal residence and public charitable trust.
- Near Leeds
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Building or ruin · Roman
Lees Hall Roman Camp
Northumberland
Lees Hall Roman Camp is an unusually fortified temporary camp near Hadrian’s Wall, with an outer work suggesting repeated or extended military use…
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Sacred place · Medieval
Lees Priory
Derbyshire
Its blurred status between a dependent monastic cell and a formally styled priory, a monastery headed by a prior and usually smaller than an abbey,…
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Sacred place · Medieval
Leez Priory
Essex
Leez Priory combines an Augustinian foundation with a major Tudor mansion, retaining monastic drains, ponds and walls within a Grade I-listed Essex…
- Easy path
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Tomb or burial place · Prehistoric
Legananny
County Down
Its name may preserve the memory of the goddess Áine, and its granite frame has stood on this Down mountainside since long before Ireland had a wri…
- Near Dromara
- Some walking
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Sacred place · Medieval
Legbourne Priory
Lincolnshire
A small nunnery whose one detailed record survives almost by accident: a bishop's 1440 inspection that caught its prioress entertaining relatives o…
- Near Lincoln
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Sacred place · Roman
Legs Cross
County Durham
The carved lettering that gave this Anglo-Saxon cross its name survived a thousand years only to be chiselled away after 1966, leaving historians a…
- Near Bishop Auckland
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Sacred place · Medieval
Leicester Abbey
Leicestershire
Leicester Abbey was the county’s wealthiest Augustinian house, home to Henry Knighton’s chronicle and the place where Cardinal Wolsey died in 1530.
- Near Leicester
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Medieval
Leicester Castle
Leicestershire
A working Great Hall, a mound, a ruined gatehouse and a chapel together trace nine centuries of continuous use, from Norman stronghold to Crown Cou…
- Near Leicester
- Easy path
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Sacred place · Medieval
Leicester Friars of the Sack
Leicestershire
One of only a handful of English houses of the Friars of the Sack, a mendicant order so obscure that its Leicester friary (the base of a mendicant…
- Near Leicester
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Sacred place · Medieval
Leicester's Church, Denbigh
Denbighshire
A vast Elizabethan preaching-house left roofless when its patron's money and his only son both ran out: the sole attempt at a new Protestant cathed…
- Near Denbigh
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Medieval
Leighlinbridge Castle
County Carlow
Leighlinbridge Castle records eight centuries of defence beside the Barrow, a river whose name also survives in prehistoric burial mounds: from pre…
- Near Leighlinbridge
- Easy path
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Sacred place · Medieval
Lenton Priory
Nottinghamshire
Lenton’s Cluniac monastic house connected Nottingham with France, Peak District wealth, royal travel and a major market before Henry VIII’s closure…
- Easy path
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Sacred place · Medieval
Leominster Abbey
Herefordshire
An abbess abducted from her own convent in 1046 and a prayer book copied almost entirely by an anonymous nun are the two threads that survive to na…
- Near Hereford
- Easy path
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Sacred place · Medieval
Leominster nunnery
Herefordshire
No wall or door of it has ever been found: an Anglo-Saxon nunnery that vanished so completely its ground may lie hidden beneath a later religious h…
- Near Leominster
- Easy path
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Sacred place · Medieval
Leonard Stanley Priory
Gloucestershire
A single roof once held both a working parish church and a private monastic choir: a rare Augustinian-turned-Benedictine arrangement whose carvings…
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Lescudjack Hill Fort
Cornwall
Lescudjack Hill Fort preserves a three-acre Iron Age enclosure: dating from roughly 800 BC until the Roman conquest: within Penzance, where a survi…
- Near Penzance
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Lesingey Round
Cornwall
Lesingey Round is a scheduled Cornish ringfort whose substantial bank and ditch preserve a late Iron Age (from around 800 BC up to the Roman conque…
- Near Penzance
- Some walking
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Building or ruin · Prehistoric
Leskernick Hill
Cornwall
Leskernick Hill preserves an exceptionally well-preserved Bronze Age (roughly 2500–800 BC) settlement landscape of houses, fields, cairns, stone ci…
- Near Penzance
- Rough ground
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Sacred place · Medieval
Lesnes Abbey
Greater London
Lesnes Abbey is a rare London ruin where a small 12th-century canons’ house, Peasants’ Revolt episode and former marshland landscape are preserved…
- Near Abbey Wood
- Easy path
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Sacred place · Medieval
Letheringham Priory
Suffolk
A small outlying cell of the Augustinian house at Ipswich, founded at the end of the twelfth century.
- Near Letheringham
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Building or ruin · Roman
Letocetum
Staffordshire
A Roman posting station that outlived its own fortress, lost its bath house and inn to fire around 300, and gave the modern village its name - Wall…
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Medieval
Lewes Castle
East Sussex
Two earthen mounds rise on either side of its bailey, a doubled-mound plan shared with only one other castle in England: Lincoln.
- Near Lewes
- Some walking
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Sacred place · Medieval
Lewes Priory
East Sussex
The Mise of Lewes, a step toward England's Parliament, was settled here in 1264, and it was a Victorian railway cutting, not archaeology, that firs…
- Near Hastings
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Medieval
Lews Castle
Outer Hebrides
A private retreat built on an opium-trade fortune ended up given whole to the town it once stood apart from: a rare reversal for a Highland laird's…
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Medieval
Leybourne Castle
Kent
Leybourne Castle preserves a rare thirteenth-century twin-towered gatehouse, absorbed into a later farmhouse but still legible as a fortified entra…
- Near Leybourne
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Tomb or burial place · Prehistoric
Lia Fáil
County Meath
A modest standing stone credited in tradition with the power to make or unmake the High Kings of Ireland, and claimed by rival legends as the very…
- Near Drogheda
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Medieval
Liddel Strength
Cumbria
A minor border castle whose fall in 1346 ended in the strangling of two sons before their father's eyes, on earthworks some believe are far older t…
- Near Longtown
- Rough ground
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Liddington Castle
Wiltshire
Excavation dated first occupation to the 7th century BC, making this one of the earliest hillforts built anywhere in Britain.
- Some walking
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Ancient place · Prehistoric
Liddle Burnt Mound
Orkney Islands
An excavated cooking complex where a huge watertight tank, heated stones and animal bones make an otherwise disputed type of Bronze Age site unusua…
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Medieval
Lidgate Castle
Suffolk
An unusual quadrangular design, probably raised about 1143 as part of Stephen's campaign against the rebel baron Geoffrey de Mandeville.
- Near Lidgate
- Some walking
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Carved stone · Medieval
Lilla Cross
North Yorkshire
A stone cross on a windswept moorland burial mound marks where four ancient parishes meet, a boundary charter first named it in 1109, and it still…
- Rough ground
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Sacred place · Medieval
Lilleshall Abbey
Shropshire
Lilleshall was England’s rigorist Arrouaisian Augustinian abbey, built from a disputed royal-collegiate transfer and sustained by wide estates befo…
- Easy path
More places
Briefer entries: recorded and worth knowing, with fuller pages to come.
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Sacred place · Prehistoric
Knowlton Circles
Dorset
One of Dorset's greatest ceremonial landscapes, prehistoric (from the era before writing arrived in these islands), where Stone Age henges and a de…
- Near Knowlton
- Easy path
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Building or ruin · Roman
Lagentium
West Yorkshire
Castleford is built on it. The name may come from a Brittonic word carrying the sense of spear or blade.
- Near Castleford
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Sacred place · Medieval
Lammana Priory
Cornwall
A small Benedictine priory: a monastery headed by a prior rather than an abbot: linking Looe Island to the mainland, where two monks served chapels…
- Near Looe
- Some walking
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Sacred place · Medieval
Lancaster Blackfriars
Lancashire
Lancaster Blackfriars marks the former site of a medieval friary (a house of friars, who worked among townspeople rather than withdrawing from them…
- Near Lancaster
- Easy path
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Sacred place · Medieval
Launceston Priory
Cornwall
An Augustinian priory: a monastery headed by a prior rather than an abbot: whose lost buildings were proposed for a Cornish cathedral, then redisco…
- Near Penzance
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Medieval
Leamaneh Castle
County Clare
Leamaneh combines a late-medieval O'Brien tower house with the ruined shell of a seventeenth-century mansion, making its changing fabric a record o…
- Near Kilfenora
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Sacred place · Prehistoric
Leaze stone circle
Cornwall
Leaze stone circle is a fragmentary Bodmin Moor ring whose surviving granite stones, lost elements and nearby prehistoric (predating the written re…
- Near Penzance
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Lee Wood
Devon
Lee Wood is an unexcavated Devon hill-slope enclosure where finds and a partly exposed hearth point to activity across several early periods.
- Some walking
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Sacred place · Medieval
Leeds Priory
Kent
Leeds Priory was a major Augustinian house on the River Len, whose excavated footprint documents more than four centuries of religious and economic…
- Near Canterbury
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Tomb or burial place · Prehistoric
Legananny Dolmen
County Down
Legananny Dolmen is a State Care Neolithic portal tomb, a tomb of upright stones carrying a single great capstone, whose tall tripod supports a cap…
- Near Dromara
- Easy path
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Sacred place · Medieval
Leicester Austin Friars
Leicestershire
Leicester Austin Friars was a modest Augustinian Hermit priory, a monastery run by a prior, with the unusual feature of two cloisters and a documen…
- Near Leicester
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Sacred place · Medieval
Leigh Cell
Devon
A recorded monastic site near Churchstow, and almost the only evidence of a religious presence in this part of south Devon: though what survives of…
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Carved stone · Prehistoric
Leper Stone
Essex
The Leper Stone is a large sarsen near Newport whose association with a medieval leper hospital and possible prehistoric (predating the written rec…
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Sacred place · Medieval
Lessingham Priory
Norfolk
Lessingham Priory is a 1090 Norfolk foundation known almost entirely through the record of its existence, illustrating how completely a medieval ho…
- Near Lessingham
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Tomb or burial place · Medieval
Letterbrat
County Tyrone
Letterbrat combines a Tyrone townland’s portal tomb, a Stone Age tomb of upright stones carrying a single great capstone, with a working quarry exp…
- Near Omagh
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Building or ruin · Roman
Leucarum
Swansea
Beneath the streets of Loughor, at the mouth of the River Loughor where it meets the estuary that carries its name, lie the buried defences of a Ro…
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Lewesdon Hill
Dorset
Lewesdon Hill is Dorset’s highest point, pairing wide landscape views with a disputed hillfort, an Armada beacon site and a remembered Second World…
- Near Broadwindsor
- Some walking
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Sacred place · Medieval
Lewisham Priory
Greater London
Lewisham Priory connects early medieval (roughly AD 400–1100, between the Romans and the Normans) landholding across the Channel with Henry V’s sup…
- Near Lewisham
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