Fortified place · Medieval
White Tower (Tower of London)
Greater London
The White Tower is the monumental Norman keep at the heart of the Tower of London: a royal residence, fortress and later armoury whose scale, chape…
- Near Winchester
- Easy path
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Browsing 100 places — search and the map cover the whole directory.
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Sacred place · Medieval
Whitefriars, Coventry
West Midlands
One surviving cloister range carries four centuries of reuse under a single roof: friary, Tudor mansion, grammar school and workhouse: with both El…
- Easy path
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Building or ruin · Prehistoric
Whitehawk Camp
East Sussex
Whitehawk Camp is one of Britain’s earliest confirmed causewayed enclosures, preserving evidence of late Stone Age gathering, deposition and constr…
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Sacred place · Prehistoric
Whitehill Wood, Aberdeenshire
Aberdeenshire
Two dating estimates over a thousand years apart - Sir Norman Lockyer's 1200 BC and Historic Environment Scotland's roughly 4500 years old - sit on…
- Near Aberchirder
- Rough ground
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Minor monument · Prehistoric
Whiteleaf Cross
Buckinghamshire
A vast chalk cross cut into a Buckinghamshire hillside whose age and purpose have never been established: one of England's few hill figures with no…
- Some walking
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Building or ruin · Medieval
Whitewell Ruins
Pembrokeshire
Three ruined medieval structures on the edge of Penally, all Grade I listed, all scheduled, and all now surrounded by a caravan park.
- Near Penally
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Sacred place · Medieval
Whitland Abbey
Carmarthenshire
The Cistercian house whose monks went out to found three more Welsh abbeys, and the place where a blinded prince chose to live out his final years…
- Near Whitland
- Some walking
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Building or ruin · Roman
Whitley Castle
Northumberland
Whitley Castle’s lozenge plan and exceptional concentric defences make its purpose as a high-Pennine Roman mining fort unusually legible today.
- Rough ground
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Building or ruin · Iron Age
Whitsbury Castle
Hampshire
A private manor house now sits inside earthworks reused across six millennia by hunters, herders, settlers and Anglo-Saxon refortifiers, all of who…
- Near Winchester
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Fortified place · Medieval
Whittington Castle
Shropshire
A Marcher castle whose outer bailey held two water gardens in the fourteenth century: with a viewing mound that may be the oldest of its kind in En…
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Prehistoric
Whittington Tump
Worcestershire
A single earthwork: a bank, ditch or mound shaped from soil rather than built in stone: carries four distinct occupations: a mound from from the er…
- Rough ground
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Fortified place · Medieval
Whorlton Castle
North Yorkshire
A motte (a steep artificial mound built to carry a timber tower)-and-bailey (an early Norman castle of a timber tower on an earth mound, with a wal…
- Rough ground
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Building or ruin · Roman
Wicklewood Roman Temple
Norfolk
Its cella walls still bear traces of Roman paint and mosaic beneath the soil, a rare survival of a Romano-Celtic shrine serving a community rooted…
- Near Wymondham
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Sacred place · Medieval
Wicklow Friary
County Wicklow
Excavations in 2022–23 uncovered the remains of several friars beneath the ruined church: a rare direct encounter with the community that once pray…
- Near Wicklow
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Fortified place · Medieval
Widdrington Castle
Northumberland
Widdrington Castle’s vanished tower survives in engravings and earthworks, linking royal visits, Jacobite forfeiture and centuries of rebuilding to…
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Tomb or burial place · Prehistoric
Wideford Hill chambered cairn
Orkney Islands
Wideford Hill is a Stone Age burial mound on Mainland Orkney, with a chamber, side chambers and masonry that shows how the tomb was built.
- Near Kirkwall
- Easy path
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Sacred place · Medieval
Wigmore Abbey
Herefordshire
Burial place of five Earls of March and the Mortimer dynasty that once contended for the English throne: later the private home of a television star.
- Rough ground
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Sacred place · Medieval
Wigmore Abbey Grange
Herefordshire
A working farmhouse that began as an abbot's private lodging, carrying Norman stonework and three centuries of separately listed farm buildings beh…
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Medieval
Wigmore Castle
Herefordshire
Left in private hands, it escaped the tidying-up that stripped most great English castles bare: what survives is a genuinely wild ruin, not a manic…
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Prehistoric
Wilbury Hill Camp
Hertfordshire
Its earthwork rings have vanished from the ground entirely, surviving only as ghostly cropmarks in aerial photographs: one link in a chain of six m…
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Sacred place · Medieval
Willoughton Preceptory
Lincolnshire
Not a minor outpost: this was the richest of all the English Templar houses, and its estate outlived the order itself by two centuries, passing thr…
- Near Lincoln
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Sacred place · Medieval
Willoughton Priory
Lincolnshire
Nothing built here survives above ground, yet the earthworks alone preserve the outline of a French abbey (a self-governing monastery, its head an…
- Near Lincoln
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Sacred place · Medieval
Wilmington Priory
East Sussex
Wilmington Priory records how a small Norman Benedictine cell became a fortified agricultural grange, then a secular estate and carefully conserved…
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Sacred place · Prehistoric
Wilsford Henge
Wiltshire
A ceremonial ditch invisible on the ground but confirmed by geophysics, standing barely a kilometre from Marden Henge, one of Britain's largest, ac…
- Easy path
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Sacred place · Medieval
Wilton Abbey
Wiltshire
For over a century its abbess held an entire barony from the crown, one of only four English nunneries with that status, and its cloister (the cove…
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Medieval
Wilton Castle
Herefordshire
In 1292 a widow lied to a king about this castle's age to claim rights it never held: the real history, of Marcher lords, ransom, and civil-war rui…
- Easy path
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Tomb or burial place · Prehistoric
Wimble Toot
Somerset
Wimble Toot is a scheduled ridge monument interpreted either as a burial mound dating from the period from about 2500 to 800 BC or as a possible No…
- Easy path
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Sacred place · Medieval
Wimborne Minster (church)
Dorset
Wimborne Minster is a 1,300-year religious landmark, notable for its Saxon royal associations, Norman fabric, astronomical clock and one of the wor…
- Near Wimborne Minster
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Medieval
Wimpole's Folly
Cambridgeshire
A sham medieval castle built deliberately as a ruin, its four-storey Gothic tower carries a poem shared with a private literary manuscript written…
- Near Wimpole
- Easy path
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Sacred place · Medieval
Winchcombe Abbey
Gloucestershire
Once one of Mercia's richest monasteries and burial place of a king venerated as a saint, almost nothing survives beyond a stone cross and a scatte…
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Medieval
Winchester Castle
Hampshire
For more than three centuries after the rest of the castle was torn down, its Great Hall alone kept functioning as one of England's most consequent…
- Near Winchester
- Easy path
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Sacred place · Medieval
Winchester Cathedral Priory
Hampshire
A single community of monks served this cathedral for close to six centuries, surviving Viking attacks and shrinking numbers before Henry VIII clos…
- Near Winchester
- Easy path
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Building or ruin · Pictish & early medieval
Winchester Palace
Greater London
Winchester Palace’s surviving hall and rose window recall a powerful bishop’s London residence on the Thames, where royal visitors, river supply, t…
- Near Winchester
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Wincobank (hill fort)
South Yorkshire
Its rampart timbers were found vitrified: burned with such intensity that the stone facings fused, evidence archaeologists read as a trace of real…
- Some walking
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Ancient place · Prehistoric
Windmill Hill, Avebury
Wiltshire
At 21 acres it is the largest known Neolithic (the first farming age, roughly 4000–2500 BC) causewayed enclosure (a Neolithic enclosure whose ditch…
- Some walking
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Tomb or burial place · Prehistoric
Windmill Tump
Gloucestershire
Windmill Tump is a substantial late Stone Age chambered tomb in Gloucestershire, whose 5,000-ton cairn, a mound of piled stones covering a burial,…
- Near Gloucester
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Medieval
Windsor Castle
Berkshire
Nearly a millennium of continuous royal occupation on one chalk mound above the Thames: the longest-occupied palace in Europe, rebuilt again and ag…
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Winkelbury Camp
Wiltshire
Its ramparts were never built to one plan: three incomplete, irregular phases of construction, probably raised by separate work gangs, show a fort…
- Some walking
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Settlement · Medieval
Winterborne Farringdon
Dorset
Winterborne Farringdon is a deserted medieval village whose platforms, enclosures, tracks, lynchets and church remnant preserve the footprint of a…
- Near Dorchester
- Some walking
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Sacred place · Prehistoric
Winterbourne Bassett Stone Circle
Wiltshire
A vanished ring near Avebury whose original scale: two concentric rings some 71 metres across: survives only in an 1880s antiquarian (an early coll…
- Easy path
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Building or ruin · Roman
Winterton Roman villa
Lincolnshire
Systematic excavation between 1958 and 1967 turned this into one of the most completely documented Roman villa sites in England, with five mosaic f…
- Near Winterton
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Fortified place · Medieval
Wisbech Castle
Cambridgeshire
A Norman stronghold rebuilt as a bishop's palace, then a notorious prison holding future Gunpowder Plotters, before vanishing entirely under a Rege…
- Near Wisbech
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Medieval
Wiston Castle
Pembrokeshire
A castle of earth mound and walled yard in the Pembrokeshire village of the same name.
- Near Wiston
- Some walking
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Sacred place · Medieval
Witham Charterhouse
Somerset
Witham Charterhouse was England's earliest Carthusian house, founded by Henry II as penance and now preserved through parish use, earthworks and fi…
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Sacred place · Medieval
Witham Preceptory
Lincolnshire
Excavation uncovered the full plan of a working Templar farmstead of eighteen buildings: barns, kilns, a hall keep and a rare rectangular chapel, u…
- Near Lincoln
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Sacred place · Medieval
Withyham Priory
East Sussex
A Sussex estate run for over three centuries by a lone monk answering to a Norman abbey: until the Hundred Years' War made such cross-Channel loyal…
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Sacred place · Prehistoric
Withypool Stone Circle
Somerset
Withypool preserves one of only two surviving Exmoor stone circles, a small-stone monument set among a dense landscape of ancient burial mounds.
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Wittenham Clumps
Oxfordshire
Two rounded hills above the flat Thames valley, each crowned with beeches planted in the 1740s.
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Medieval
Witton Castle
County Durham
A fortified manor licensed in 1410 that survived a devastating 1796 fire only to be rebuilt as a Georgian showpiece, and now serves as the clubhous…
- Near Bishop Auckland
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Sacred place · Medieval
Woburn Abbey
Bedfordshire
A Cistercian abbey (a religious community led by an abbot) pulled down by its own owners and rebuilt three times over, yet the family that dissolve…
- Near Woburn
- Easy path
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Building or ruin · Roman
Woldgate
East Riding of Yorkshire
A minor country lane in the East Riding still follows the exact line the Romans laid between the coast and York: and became one of David Hockney's…
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Sacred place · Medieval
Wolston Priory
Warwickshire
A small alien priory: a religious house led by a prior, a rank below an abbot: whose rectory became the farmhouse where some of the Martin Marprela…
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Carved stone · Pictish & early medieval
Wolverhampton Pillar
West Midlands
Seven bands of vine scroll, animal and acanthus carving make this the only known English cross shaft worked in a rare southern continental Baroque…
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Medieval
Wolvesey Castle
Hampshire
A bishop's fortified palace on a river island, besieged twice in real medieval wars and later the venue for a royal wedding breakfast.
- Some walking
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Sacred place · Medieval
Wombridge Priory
Shropshire
A solvent priory: a monastic house under a prior rather than an abbot: dissolved for being small, whose church became a coach house and then a catt…
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Woodbury Castle
Devon
Woodbury Castle is an Iron Age hillfort: an Iron Age settlement defended by banks and ditches on high ground: commanding broad views of the Exe Est…
- Near Woodbury
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Woodbury Hill
Worcestershire
An Iron Age hillfort (an upland enclosure defended by earthen banks) where two armies faced off in 1405 and Glyndŵr's Welsh and French forces withd…
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Woodbury Hill, Dorset
Dorset
Woodbury Hill combines an Iron Age hillfort: a defended hilltop settlement dating from from around 800 BC up to the Roman conquest: with a medieval…
- Near Bere Regis
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Woodbury, Stoke Fleming
Devon
Woodbury near Stoke Fleming marks an Iron Age promontory hillfort: an Iron Age settlement defended by banks and ditches on high ground, dating from…
- Near Stoke Fleming
- Some walking
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Settlement · Iron Age
Woodcutts Settlement
Dorset
Woodcutts Settlement is a classic Pitt Rivers excavation, revealing how a small farmstead on Cranborne Chase changed across three Roman-period phas…
- Near Woodcutts
- Some walking
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Sacred place · Prehistoric
Woodhenge
Wiltshire
The timber rings share Stonehenge's scale and midsummer alignment almost exactly, evidence that wood, not just stone, could carry serious ceremonia…
- Easy path
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Minor monument · Prehistoric
Woodhey Cross
Cheshire
Woodhey Cross is a rare surviving late-medieval stepped cross that remains in its original Cheshire roadside position, preserving a small but subst…
- Near Woodhey Green
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Woodhouse hill fort
Cheshire
A 1951 excavation gave rare hard data for a Cheshire hillfort: the rampart's original height, stone facing and even its slingstones: where earthwor…
- Near Helsby
- Rough ground
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Sacred place · Medieval
Woodspring Priory
Somerset
Woodspring Priory preserves a rare Victorine religious complex whose church, infirmary and barn chart medieval devotion, farming and post-Dissoluti…
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Fortified place · Medieval
Woodwalton Castle
Cambridgeshire
A castle whose builder was never recorded, yet whose earthworks: moat, bailey and mound, plus fishponds: still trace a working residence born out o…
- Near Woodwalton
- Rough ground
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Carved stone · Pictish & early medieval
Woodwrae Stone
City of Edinburgh
The Woodwrae Stone is a richly carved Class II Pictish (of the Picts, the people of northern and eastern Scotland from about AD 300 to 900) cross-s…
- Near Edinburgh
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Wookey Hole Caves
Somerset
Wookey Hole combines a living underground river with 45,000 years of human and animal evidence, pioneering cave diving and an industrial paper-maki…
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Woolbury
Hampshire
Its southern rampart carries a crude flint-and-chalk horse, the only hill figure of its kind in Hampshire, cut into a hilltop enclosure still guard…
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Woolsbarrow Hillfort
Dorset
Woolsbarrow preserves a rare slight univallate hillfort: a hilltop enclosure ringed by earth ramparts: on Dorset heath, with much of its defensive…
- Near Wareham
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Wooston Castle
Devon
Wooston Castle is an Iron Age hillfort: a hilltop enclosure ringed by earth ramparts: above the Teign Valley, forming part of a documented local cl…
- Near Moretonhampstead
- Rough ground
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Sacred place · Medieval
Wootton Wawen Priory
Warwickshire
A priory: a monastic house under a prior rather than an abbot: of one prior and one monk, granted to King's College Cambridge in 1443, with nothing…
- Easy path
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Tomb or burial place · Prehistoric
Wor Barrow
Dorset
Wor Barrow records an Early–Middle Neolithic mortuary monument and a landmark full excavation by Augustus Pitt Rivers, whose detailed results resha…
- Near Sixpenny Handley
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Medieval
Worcester Castle
Worcestershire
Built by cutting into the cathedral's graveyard, the castle drew a formal curse from an archbishop, and later held its own king prisoner during a b…
- Easy path
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Sacred place · Medieval
Worcester Cathedral
Worcestershire
A working cathedral since 680 that still buries a king between two vanished saints' shrines, beneath a Norman crypt no later rebuilding ever touched.
- Easy path
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Sacred place · Medieval
Worksop Priory
Nottinghamshire
The surviving main body of the parish church keeps alive an Augustinian monastic community whose manuscripts, including the Worksop Bestiary and Ti…
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Worlebury Camp
Somerset
Worlebury Camp is a heavily defended hilltop settlement dating from from around 800 BC up to the Roman conquest. Its pits, weapons and human remain…
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Medieval
Wormegay Castle
Norfolk
Wormegay’s large castle mound and outer enclosure commanded a Fen causeway and headed an East Anglian estate whose holders owed castle-guard servic…
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Sacred place · Prehistoric
Wormy Hillock Henge
Aberdeenshire
An 1891 dig aimed at a supposed sheep enclosure found nothing at all: evidence that this mini-henge, a small circular enclosure from before written…
- Rough ground
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Ancient place · Medieval
Wortley Top Forge
South Yorkshire
Only ever powered by water. All three of its waterwheels have been restored to working order.
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Wraxall Camp
Somerset
A small round bank and ditch in woodland, probably an ancient farmstead rather than a fort.
- Near Failand
- Some walking
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Sacred place · Prehistoric
Wren's Egg
Dumfries and Galloway
A large glacial erratic sits in a field in the parish of Glasserton, in what was historically Wigtownshire, and gives its name to the whole monumen…
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Medieval
Wressle Castle
East Riding of Yorkshire
A great lord's palace built to impress rather than defend, its four towers and gatehouse still stand witness to a family that fell and rose again w…
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Sacred place · Medieval
Wroxton Abbey
Oxfordshire
A Jacobean house west of Banbury, its 1727 garden partly reworked in the serpentine style after 1731.
- Near Wroxton
- Easy path
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Building or ruin · Roman
Wrynose Pass
Cumbria
A single-track road over Wrynose Pass runs on top of a Roman crossing of the fells, and its summit stone still marks the ancient meeting point of t…
- Rough ground
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Wychbury Ring
Worcestershire
Two full circuits of bank and ditch enclosing nearly three hectares of Wychbury Hill: a serious defensive statement, not a modest lookout.
- Rough ground
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Building or ruin · Medieval
Wycoller Hall
Lancashire
Wycoller Hall is a Grade II* listed manor-house ruin whose Cunliffe family history, nineteenth-century dismantling and later conservation preserve…
- Near Lancaster
- Easy path
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Sacred place · Medieval
Wymondham Abbey
Norfolk
Wymondham Abbey's d’Aubigny foundation, difficult shared use, 1449 independence and partial sixteenth-century destruction explain how a monastic ch…
- Near Wymondham
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Fortified place · Medieval
Wymondley Castle
Hertfordshire
A grassed-over motte, the earthen mound a castle was raised on, and bailey, the defended yard attached to the mound, tied to a wider group of castl…
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Building or ruin · Roman
Wymondley Roman Villa
Hertfordshire
Long assumed a Roman villa, the excavated rooms above the Purwell wetlands may in fact be a bathhouse within a complex of ritual buildings, one of…
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Sacred place · Medieval
Wyresdale Abbey
Lancashire
A Cistercian house that barely lasted a generation before folding back into its mother house at Furness: yet it left a village bearing its name.
- Near Abbeystead
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Fortified place · Roman
Y Gaer
Powys
A cavalry fort held for three centuries by Spanish horsemen, quarried in 1093 to build Brecon Castle: and still standing three metres high in places.
- Some walking
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More places
Briefer entries: recorded and worth knowing, with fuller pages to come.
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Fortified place · Prehistoric
White's Castle
County Kildare
White’s Castle compresses Athy’s changing civic life into one river tower: a guarded crossing, a harsh gaol, a barracks and a private home.
- Near Athy
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Roman
Wilderness Plantation
East Dunbartonshire
Wilderness Plantation is an Antonine Wall interval fortlet identified from the air and excavated in the 1960s, helping show how the frontier was st…
- Near Kirkintilloch
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Medieval
Winchcombe Castle
Gloucestershire
Winchcombe Castle was a short-lived Anarchy-period motte (the great earth mound at the heart of an early castle)-and-bailey, built for Empress Mati…
- Near Gloucester
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Wind Hill
Devon
Wind Hill records a heavily defended Iron Age (roughly 800 BC until the Roman conquest) spur enclosure above the East Lyn valley near Lynmouth, whe…
- Near Lynmouth
- Rough ground
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Windbury Head
Devon
Windbury Head preserves the surviving southern ramparts of an Iron Age (from around 800 BC up to the Roman conquest) coastal hillfort (an upland en…
- Near Clovelly
- Some walking
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Sacred place · Medieval
Wix Priory
Essex
Wix Priory is a rare surviving trace of a medieval Benedictine nunnery in Essex: although the convent buildings vanished, its priory church continu…
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Fortified place · Prehistoric
Woodstock Castle (Athy)
County Kildare
Woodstock preserves the river crossing that preceded bridge-centred Athy, with a hall-keep remodelled for firearms then contested in the Confederat…
- Near Athy
- Rough ground
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Fortified place · Medieval
Work of William Burges at Cardiff Castle
Cardiff
The jelly-mould ceiling of the Arab Room at Cardiff Castle, drawn in a Moorish style from William Burges's studies of Islamic art in Spain and Sici…
- Near Cardiff
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Y Garn Goch
Carmarthenshire
Two Iron Age hillforts crown a common-access hill above the Towy Valley, together described as the largest in southern Wales.
- Near Bethlehem
- Some walking
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