Fortified place · Iron Age
Buckland Rings
Hampshire
A triple-banked Iron Age (roughly 800 BC until the Roman conquest) enclosure standing just 27 metres above sea level, and rarer for it: this style…
- Easy path
By type
Buildings & ruins of Britain & Ireland
Page 3 of 14.
Search and filters apply to these 100 places.
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Building or ruin · Roman
Buckton Roman Fort
Herefordshire
Its rebuilt stone gateways, 22.3 metres wide, are the largest known at any Roman auxiliary fort in Britain: built for a cavalry garrison on a front…
- Near Leintwardine
- Some walking
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Crossing or structure · Medieval
Bugsworth Basin
Derbyshire
A derelict tramway-canal interchange rebuilt over three decades by volunteers alone, now a rare surviving example of a working limestone transhipme…
- Near Bakewell
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Building or ruin · Medieval
Bulford Kiwi
Wiltshire
Cut by bored, riot-prone New Zealand troops waiting for a ship home in 1919, it survives as Wiltshire's only hill figure that is neither a white ho…
- Some walking
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Building or ruin · Medieval
Burbage Edge
Derbyshire
Beneath its heather moorland lie the buried remains of a colliery worked for nearly three centuries, protected as a Scheduled Monument (legally pro…
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Fortified place · Medieval
Burgate Wood
Suffolk
A medieval circular bank-and-ditch castle enclosure, inside a thirty-hectare biological site of special scientific interest.
- Near Burgate
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Building or ruin · Roman
Burgh Castle (Roman fortification)
Norfolk
Burgh Castle is one of England’s nine Saxon Shore forts, with exceptionally high Roman walls, a contested post-Roman monastic interpretation, Norma…
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Fortified place · Medieval
Burleigh Castle
Perth and Kinross
A fifteenth- and sixteenth-century castle just outside Milnathort, north of Kinross.
- Near Kinross
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Fortified place · Medieval
Burneside Hall
Cumbria
One of a pair of fortified pele towers now half-lost, its survivor tree-ring dated to show a Tudor-era rebuild hidden inside a medieval shell: and…
- Near Kendal
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Ancient place · Prehistoric
Burnt mound in Fox Hollies Park
West Midlands
An oval mound 0.3 metres high in a Birmingham park, scheduled in 2002: and that, with a date in the Bronze Age, roughly 2500–800 BC, is the whole o…
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Building or ruin · Medieval
Burradon Tower
Tyne and Wear
A fireplace carries the date 1633 and the initials LO. The tower was later swallowed into a farm building.
- Near Burradon
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Ancient place · Iron Age
Burrington Combe
Somerset
A dry limestone gorge holding Britain's oldest dated cemetery, witch marks in a cave, and a rock named after a hymn that was probably written elsew…
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Building or ruin · Roman
Burrium
Monmouthshire
A single legionary fortress helped pin down the conquest of the fiercely resistant Silures tribe, yet nothing of its ramparts, barracks or gates su…
- Near Usk
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Burrough Hill
Leicestershire
A magnetometry survey found over 400 storage pits and roundhouse foundations packed inside a single set of ramparts: evidence that this was a worki…
- Some walking
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Building or ruin · Roman
Burscough Roman fort
Lancashire
Burscough Roman fort is a major recent Lancashire discovery: a multi-phase auxiliary fort and later fortlet with evidence for long, intermittent oc…
- Near Burscough
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Building or ruin · Medieval
Burton Manor
Cheshire
A Gladstone family home turned adult-education college whose walled garden and scheduled ice house survive in public volunteer care, long after the…
- Near Burton, Cheshire
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Burton Point, Cheshire
Cheshire
A single earthwork sealed a headland the River Dee once defended on three sides: until 18th-century engineering rerouted the river and left the for…
- Near Burton, Cheshire
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Bury Bank
Staffordshire
A seventh-century king of Mercia is said to have lived here, at a place called Wulfherecester - and no evidence has been found that the fort was re…
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Bury Camp
Wiltshire
A multivallate Iron Age: roughly 800 BC until the Roman conquest: hillfort, a settlement defended by banks and ditches on high ground, of some 9.2…
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Bury Hill
Hampshire
A double ring of earthen ramparts raised in two distinct building phases, then reused centuries later as a royal war-camp during the fight for the…
- Near Andover
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Bury Walls
Shropshire
A protected defended site on a sandstone ridge south-east of Weston-under-Redcastle.
- Rough ground
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Tomb or burial place · Prehistoric
Bush Barrow
Wiltshire
A single Bronze Age (roughly 2500–800 BC, when metalworking spread) burial on a Wiltshire ridge produced the richest grave goods found anywhere in…
- Some walking
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Building or ruin · Iron Age
Buzbury Rings
Dorset
Buzbury Rings is a multi-period Dorset enclosure where Neolithic origins: from the late Stone Age, about 4000–2500 BC in Britain: Iron Age defences…
- Near Tarrant Keyneston
- Some walking
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Ancient place · Medieval
Bytham River
Suffolk
A great Pleistocene river of central England, destroyed by ice about 450,000 years ago: and, since the mid-2010s, argued not to have existed at all.
- Near Mildenhall
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Building or ruin · Roman
Cade's Road
County Durham
Cade's Road takes its name not from a Roman engineer or emperor but from John Cade, a Durham antiquarian (an early collector-scholar of antiquities…
- Near Durham
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Building or ruin · Medieval
Caen Hill Locks
Wiltshire
Sixteen locks climb a hillside in an unbroken straight line, their oversized sideways pounds built purely to store enough water to keep the flight…
- Near Devizes
- Some walking
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Building or ruin · Roman
Caer Gai
Gwynedd
Caer Gai preserves a Roman road-junction fort whose walls, later Welsh literary associations and post-medieval (after about 1500) reuse reveal cent…
- Near Llanuwchllyn
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Roman
Caer Gybi (fort)
Isle of Anglesey
Caer Gybi is a rare Roman coastal fortlet at Holyhead whose substantial walls were reused for St Cybi’s monastery, linking late Roman defence with…
- Near Holyhead
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Roman
Caer Lêb
isle-of-anglesey
A double-banked enclosure on marshy ground west of Brynsiencyn where an 1865 dig found a Roman coin, a bronze brooch and Samian pottery: and, above…
- Near Brynsiencyn
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Building or ruin · Medieval
Caer Llugwy
Conwy
A Roman fort in the Llugwy valley where a later courtyard building may preserve the story of a garrison becoming a roadside posting station.
- Near Capel Curig
- Some walking
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Building or ruin · Roman
Caer Mote
Cumbria
A modest Lake District fell carries a Roman fort in its shadow and an earthwork (banks and ditches raised from the earth rather than quarried stone…
- Near Wigton
- Rough ground
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Fortified place · Roman
Caerleon Roman Fortress and Baths
Newport
Caerleon is one of only three permanent legionary fortresses in Roman Britain, with unusually accessible remains of its baths, amphitheatre and bar…
- Easy path
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Building or ruin · Roman
Caersws Roman Forts
Powys
Two Roman forts of different generations at Caersws: one an oversized campaign camp in a bend of the Severn, the other a permanent fort with the vi…
- Near Caersws
- Easy path
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Building or ruin · Medieval
Caerwent Training Area
Monmouthshire
A Cold War rocket-motor works turned Gulf War ammunition depot, its 400-odd bunkers now awaiting new life as a British Army barracks.
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Caesar's Camp, Rushmoor and Waverley
Surrey
One of the largest multivallate hillforts in southern England, its Iron Age (roughly 800 BC until the Roman conquest) ramparts were later reused wh…
- Near Farnborough
- Rough ground
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Fortified place · Medieval
Cairnburgh Castle
Argyll and Bute
A single fortress split across two separate islets in the Treshnish Isles, held in turn by the heirs of Somerled and the Macleans of Duart for over…
- Near Tobermory
- Rough ground
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Building or ruin · Roman
Calleva Atrebatum
Hampshire
One of only six Roman towns in Britain that never grew into a medieval or modern town: its walls, amphitheatre and street grid survive under open f…
- Easy path
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Building or ruin · Roman
Camboglanna
Cumbria
Alone among the forts of Hadrian's Wall it sits inside the Vallum rather than beside the Wall itself, and it has been argued: controversially: to b…
- Near Carlisle
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Building or ruin · Medieval
Cambridge Museum of Technology
Cambridgeshire
This former municipal pumping station preserves an unusually complete account of how Cambridge handled sewage, refuse and public health from the la…
- Near Cambridge
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Building or ruin · Roman
Canovium
Conwy
The largest Roman military installation in its area, placed at the lowest ford of the Conwy and occupied into the late fourth century.
- Near Caerhun
- Easy path
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Building or ruin · Medieval
Canute's Palace
Hampshire
A late-Norman merchant's hall on Southampton's waterfront, saddled by a Victorian antiquarian (an early collector-scholar of antiquities, working b…
- Easy path
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Sacred place · Medieval
Capel Lligwy
isle-of-anglesey
A roofless twelfth-century chapel on Anglesey whose purpose was never recorded, carrying an unusual sixteenth-century south chapel with a burial va…
- Near Moelfre
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Building or ruin · Roman
Car Dyke
Lincolnshire
At over 57 miles it is the longest artificial waterway the Romans built anywhere in Britain, longer even than their canals on the Continent: and ar…
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Fortified place · Roman
Cardiff Roman Fort
Cardiff
Beneath the mock-medieval towers of Cardiff Castle lie the walls of a Roman fort whose original Latin name has never been settled. Candidates drawn…
- Near Cardiff
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Building or ruin · Medieval
Carfax Conduit
Oxfordshire
A Jacobean water-engineering marvel whose ornate centrepiece was dismantled and rebuilt whole in a country park, while its humble spring-house stil…
- Near Oxford
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Sacred place · Prehistoric
Carfury Standing Stone
Cornwall
The three-metre Carfury slab is unusually revealing because the 1957–58 excavation recorded its elliptical socket and packing stones, even though i…
- Near Penzance
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Carl Wark
South Yorkshire
A rampart (an encircling bank built for defence) described as unlike anything else in Northern England, guarding a cliff-edge enclosure whose build…
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Fortified place · Medieval
Carnasserie Castle
Argyll and Bute
A ruined 16th-century tower house stands on raised ground about 2 kilometres north of Kilmartin, at the head of Kilmartin Glen in Argyll and Bute.…
- Some walking
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Building or ruin · Roman
Carpow Roman Fort
Perth and Kinross
A thirty-acre Roman fort at the meeting of the Tay and the Earn, held from the late second century into the early third.
- Near Carpow
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Building or ruin · Roman
Carrawburgh
Northumberland
Carrawburgh, Roman Brocolitia, is a Hadrian’s Wall fort whose civilian settlement and exceptional sanctuary group illuminate military life, religio…
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Building or ruin · Medieval
Carreg Coetan Arthur
pembrokeshire
An early farming-period chambered tomb whose capstone and uprights preserve a small but legible piece of Pembrokeshire’s ancient funerary landscape.
- Near Newport
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Tomb or burial place · Prehistoric
Carreg Samson
Pembrokeshire
A burial monument five thousand years old, half a mile west of Abercastle, known also as Samson's Stone and the Longhouse.
- Near Abercastle
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Medieval
Carrick Castle
Argyll and Bute
A Campbell stronghold built on a rock in Loch Goil, hosted a hunting king and a queen's overnight stay, then was deliberately burned by a Royal Nav…
- Near Carrick Castle
- Some walking
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Building or ruin · Roman
Carsington Roman Villa
Derbyshire
The pink mica-sandstone roof would have glittered against the green Derbyshire hills, marking out a stone building that otherwise resembled a large…
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Building or ruin · Medieval
Carswell Medieval House
Pembrokeshire
A Grade II* listed stone ruin of a medieval tenant farm at Penally, near St Florence.
- Near Penally
- Some walking
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Tomb or burial place · Prehistoric
Carwynnen Quoit
Cornwall
Carwynnen Quoit is a Neolithic (the first farming age, roughly 4000–2500 BC) portal dolmen whose ten-ton capstone was re-erected after almost half…
- Near Camborne
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Castallack Round
Cornwall
Castallack Round preserves the rampart (a defensive bank of earth or stone) of a Cornish enclosed settlement and the remains of a later courtyard h…
- Near Lamorna
- Some walking
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Building or ruin · Prehistoric
Castell Bryn Gwyn
isle-of-anglesey
A grass-covered bank enclosing a level circle 54 metres across, first raised in the Neolithic: the last age of stone tools: and rebuilt in the Iron…
- Near Brynsiencyn
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Castercliff
Lancashire
Castercliff is a scheduled Iron Age (the period from roughly 800 BC to the Roman conquest) multivallate hillfort, a settlement defended by multiple…
- Near Colne
- Rough ground
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Casterley Camp
Wiltshire
A very large enclosure on the Wiltshire downs from the Iron Age, from about 800 BC until the Romans came, which may never have been defensive and w…
- Near Upavon
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Castle Close
Devon
Castle Close is a modest but strategically placed Devon earthwork: a bank or ditch dug and heaped from the ground itself, with no masonry: whose li…
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Medieval
Castle Coeffin
Argyll and Bute
A 13th-century hall-castle on a Lismore promontory, raised on the site of an earlier Viking stronghold and named for a Danish prince said to haunt…
- Rough ground
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Building or ruin · Medieval
Castle Coole
Fermanagh
Castle Coole is one of Ireland's most complete neo-classical estates, where a late-eighteenth-century mansion, concealed service system and layered…
- Near Enniskillen
- Easy path
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Castle Ditches
Wiltshire
Three concentric ramparts survive as earthworks on the hill above south-east Tisbury.
- Near Tisbury
- Some walking
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Building or ruin · Roman
Castle Flemish
Pembrokeshire
Excavated by Mortimer Wheeler in 1922, the earthwork (a bank or ditch dug and heaped from the ground itself, with no masonry) turned out to hide a…
- Easy path
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Building or ruin · Roman
Castle Folds
Cumbria
Its west wall was raised eight feet thick on a natural cliff edge, prompting the archaeologist R. G. Collingwood to class it among the fortified ca…
- Near Great Asby
- Rough ground
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Fortified place · Medieval
Castle Hill, Chessington
Greater London
A medieval earthwork on an Oxford college's ancient deer park survives as both a scheduled monument and Kingston's highest-rated wildlife site: pro…
- Near Chessington
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Castle Knowe, Northumberland
Northumberland
Castle Knowe is a compact Iron Age hillfort, a defended settlement on high ground from the period before Rome arrived, in the Cheviots whose concen…
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Fortified place · Medieval
Castle Menzies
Perth and Kinross
A sixteenth-century Z-plan seat of the Menzies chiefs, sold off in pieces after 1910 and bought back by the clan society half a century later.
- Near Weem
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Castle Naze
derbyshire
An Iron Age promontory fort that needed to defend one side only: the gritstone edge does the rest: and was found in 1957 to have been rebuilt again…
- Near Bakewell
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Castle Rings, Wiltshire
Wiltshire
Castle Rings is an Iron Age (the centuries before Rome arrived, from about 800 BC) settlement defended by banks and ditches on high ground. It hide…
- Near Donhead St Mary
- Some walking
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Sacred place · Medieval
Castle Semple Collegiate Church
Renfrewshire
A church served by a college of priests, near the eastern end of Castle Semple Loch.
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Building or ruin · Roman
Castleshaw Roman Fort
Greater Manchester
Castleshaw guarded a key Pennine pass on the Roman road between Chester and York, where a fort, later fortlet and civilian settlement reveal shifti…
- Near Delph
- Some walking
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Fortified place · Iron Age
Castlesteads, Greater Manchester
Greater Manchester
Castlesteads is a scheduled Iron Age (the period from roughly 800 BC to the Roman conquest) promontory fort (a coastal spur defended by banks throw…
- Near Bury
- Rough ground
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Building or ruin · Medieval
Castleton Medieval Hospital
Derbyshire
Nothing above ground survives to name it, yet the buried footings of a medieval hospital still lie protected under the turf at Castleton.
- Near Bakewell
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Fortified place · Medieval
Castleton Town defences
Derbyshire
A ditch and bank cut into the hillside beneath Peveril Castle, tying the whole town of Castleton into its lord's medieval defences rather than leav…
- Near Bakewell
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Building or ruin · Roman
Castra Exploratorum
Cumbria
Its Latin name, Fortress of the Scouts, records a rare and specific Roman military role: this was the headquarters of the frontier's mounted reconn…
- Near Maryport
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Building or ruin · Roman
Cataractonium
North Yorkshire
A fort turned civilian town at a crossroads of Roman military roads, its continuity traceable in name from Cataractonium through Bede's Cetrecht to…
- Easy path
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Ancient place · Medieval
Catcliffe Glass Cone
South Yorkshire
The oldest surviving glass cone in Western Europe, one of only four such furnaces left standing in Britain and the sole survivor in England outside…
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Ancient place · Prehistoric
Catholme ceremonial complex
Staffordshire
Nothing here is visible from the ground. A timber circle of 225 postholes and a monument nicknamed the sunburst are known only from the air.
- Near Barton-under-Needwood
- Some walking
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Building or ruin · Roman
Catuvellauni
Hertfordshire
A tribal dynasty whose kings' coins, wars and one captured chieftain's speech to the Roman Senate shaped how southeastern Britain entered the empire.
- Near Hertford
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Building or ruin · Roman
Cawthorne Camp
North Yorkshire
A Roman training ground rather than a frontier post: two forts and an oddly-planned camp built, some argue, purely to drill soldiers in the art of…
- Rough ground
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Building or ruin · Medieval
Cefn Caves
Denbighshire
Four linked passages cut by a long-vanished course of the River Elwy have yielded human and animal bone reaching back to the Old Stone Age, among t…
- Rough ground
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Tomb or burial place · Medieval
Cefn Golau Cholera Cemetery
Blaenau Gwent
Cefn Golau Cholera Cemetery is the only surviving cholera cemetery in South Wales, preserving the human cost of three nineteenth-century epidemics…
- Near Tredegar
- Rough ground
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Ancient place · Medieval
Cementation Furnace, Sheffield
South Yorkshire
The last of Sheffield's hundreds of cone-shaped steel furnaces to survive with its structure intact, a solitary reminder of an industry that once r…
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More places
Briefer entries: recorded and worth knowing, with fuller pages to come.
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Building or ruin · Roman
Bucknowle Farm
Dorset
Bucknowle Farm is the first substantial Roman villa complex identified south of the Purbeck Hills, with evidence of Iron Age (the period from rough…
- Near Church Knowle
- Easy path
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Building or ruin · Roman
Bucknowle Roman villa
Dorset
Bucknowle Roman Villa records four centuries of changing domestic, agricultural and bathing buildings, ending in a richly equipped fourth-century r…
- Near Church Knowle
- Easy path
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Tomb or burial place · Medieval
Bullock Park
County Tyrone
Bullock Park is a Tyrone townland whose protected stone burial chamber preserves an ancient monument within a nineteenth-century rural community.
- Near Omagh
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Building or ruin · Roman
Caerleon pipe burial
Newport
A broken lead pipe, 38 mm across and 99 cm long, once rose from a stone-lined grave to the surface of the ground. Its purpose was practical and uns…
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Building or ruin · Roman
Caernarfon Mithraeum
Gwynedd
The Caernarfon Mithraeum is a rare Roman mystery-cult temple near Segontium, identified from its distinctive architecture despite the loss of its s…
- Near Caernarfon
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Building or ruin · Roman
Caister Roman Site
norfolk
A Saxon Shore fort built around AD 200 on the north side of an estuary that no longer exists: most of it now under modern housing, with a Saxon set…
- Near Caister-on-Sea
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Building or ruin · Roman
Camulodunum
Essex
Camulodunum, modern Colchester, was Britain’s first Roman provincial capital and the successor to a vast Iron Age (from around 800 BC up to the Rom…
- Easy path
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Building or ruin · Roman
Canterbury Roman Museum
Kent
Canterbury Roman Museum preserves an in-situ c.300 mosaic pavement and hypocaust discovered after wartime bombing, making the buried courtyard hous…
- Easy path
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Carved stone · Iron Age
Carminow Cross
Cornwall
Carminow’s pierced-wheel head, separate shaft and Victorian base make it a distinctive Cornish wayside cross whose repeated moves reveal changing t…
- Near Penzance
- Easy path
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Tomb or burial place · Medieval
Carncorran Glebe
County Tyrone
Carncorran Glebe preserves the Giant’s Grave, a stone burial chamber from before written records whose unusually mismatched three-metre uprights cr…
- Near Dungannon
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Sacred place · Medieval
Carrick Church
County Fermanagh
Carrick Church binds a 1483 O’Flanagan foundation to a 1528 family murder, while its graveyard and holy-well tradition preserve a long-lived sacred…
- Near Enniskillen
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Tomb or burial place · Prehistoric
Carrigans, County Tyrone
County Tyrone
Carrigans is an 859-acre County Tyrone townland where a Scheduled burial monument with an open court before its chambers gives deep archaeological…
- Near Omagh
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Building or ruin · Medieval
Castle Goff
cornwall
A Cornish round: one of the small circular enclosures found almost nowhere else: with a later annexe whose ditch stops short of the original one.
- Near Penzance
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Settlement · Medieval
Castletown, Cheshire
Cheshire
A whole village vanished here, leaving nothing but earthwork (earth moved and shaped into banks and ditches rather than built up in stone) traces o…
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Ancient place · Prehistoric
Cefn Bryn
Swansea
Over sixty stone heaps lie under the bracken. Most are field clearance; three excavated north-west of Arthur's Stone are burial monuments.
- Near Reynoldston
- Some walking
No places match those filters.